International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Caffeine and Exercise Performance
Guest NS, VanDusseldorp TA, Nelson MT, Grgic J, Schoenfeld BJ, Jenkins NDM, Arent SM, Antonio J, Stout JR, Trexler ET, Smith-Ryan AE, Goldstein ER, Kalman DS, Campbell BI. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2021 Jan 2;18(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12970-020-00383-4. PMID: 33388079; PMCID: PMC7777221.
The International Society of Sports Nutrition offered 11 statements regarding caffeine intake and exercise performance. The authors discuss the history of caffeine in sport; caffeine sources; caffeine legality in sport; caffeine pharmacokinetics; mechanism of action; endurance exercise; muscular endurance, strength, and power; and sport-specific performance; and variation in response to caffeine (including side effects).